Today's "dark-field" X-ray machines are too expensive for routine use. For instance, the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) uses its $200 million, 300-meter diameter synchrotron to take dark-field X-rays. Now, researchers at the Ecole Polytechnique Fdrale de Lausanne (EPFL, Switzerland) have crafted a nanoscale diffraction grating that could be retrofitted into existing X-ray machines, enabling health-care providers to also take dark-field X-rays.
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